Pershing ordered a counter-attack Americans proved their capability. Battle of Belleau Wood (02:21)Ī German unit surprised an American position at Saint-Mihiel in April 1918. Germans expected heavy attacks from Americans. Ludendorff ordered sick and wounded soldiers back to the front. Contaminated water, vermin, and mass movement contributed to the global epidemic. Soldiers went hungry and foraged for food. In April 1918, the German advance became bogged down due to logistics. When he was shot down, British troops buried him with honors. German ace Manfred von Richthofen, the "Red Baron," developed a tactic of serving as bait. Fighter pilots like Eddie Rickenbacker were heroes. Aerial Warfare (04:19)įach tried to convince Pershing to commit troops, but Pershing was waiting for open warfare. Allied forces united under Generals Fach and Weygand. The Germans used a secret weapon to reach the city from 75 miles away- inciting panic. Phony cannons, railroad tracks, and camouflage were already in use. Military authorities suggested building a fake Paris to deter German bombers. German planes had already been bombing Paris. The Ferari family believed French troops would defend them. Ludendorff used shock troops to infiltrate enemy lines and advance on Paris. In March 1918, Germany massed two million troops on the Western front- outnumbering the Allies. Leon Trotsky conceded 400,000 square miles and 25% of Russia's population. In December 1917, the communists began negotiating peace with Germany and Austro-Hungary. Lenin installed a regime of terror and executed the Romanov family. October Revolution and Peace Treaty (03:56) The first step was to remove Russia from the war, to focus on the Western front. Karl I wanted to negotiate peace, but Kaiser Wilhelm II wanted victory- before the Americans were operational.
Allied leaders sent reinforcements to stop Austrian advance toward Venice. Hear Hemingway's description of the front. Rommel's men infiltrated Italian lines and advanced across Northern Italy. In October 1917, German reinforcements arrived to the Alps. Outnumbered, Austrians requested German backup. Italy battled Austria to conquer Trieste and Sorrento Italian troops suffered under Luigi Cadorna's draconian command, but accomplished remarkable feats.
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